Accounting Help

by Elmuiez
(Malaysia)

Accounting Help

Accounting Help

SECTION B
ANSWER THE QUESTION IN THIS SECTION
(THIS SECTION CARRIES 15 MARKS)

The following are the transactions of Wong Ah Meng for the month of March 2022.

Mar 1 Wong Ah Meng started business with RM100,000 in Bank.
3 Bought office fixtures by cheque RM8,000.
4 Bought goods by cheque RM35,000.
5 Withdrew RM8,000 from bank for use in shop.
6 Bought goods on credit: Priya & Sons RM2000; May RM3400.
7 Paid wages by cash RM100.
9 Cash sales RM9,520.
10 Bought goods on credit from: Alfanso RM5,000; C.Rose RM1,600.
13 Goods sold on credit to: Ali RM4,000; John RM3,000.
15 Bought office stationery for cash RM290.
19 Paid cheques to May RM1,000.
20 Wong Ah Meng takes RM500 drawings in cash.
22 Bought goods on credit from Philips RM20,000.
23 Wong Ah Meng returned goods to Philips RM400.
22 Bought office stationery RM220 by cash.
24 Received cheque from Ali RM2500; John RM1200
26 Cash sales RM18,000.
29 Paid sundry expenses by cash RM50.
31 Paid salaries by cheque RM2000.

QUESTION:

a) Prepare Journal Entries for all the above transactions.
b) Post the transactions into the relevant ledgers.
c) Balance off all the accounts for the month of March 2022.
d) Extract a trial balance as of 31 March 2022.

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Accounting Ledger Answers
by: BB

Please note that the journal entries, ledgers, and trial balance are presented in a simplified way for educational purposes.

a) Journal Entries:

Mar 1: Debit Bank RM100,000, Credit Owner's Equity RM100,000
Mar 3: Debit Office Fixtures RM8,000, Credit Bank RM8,000
Mar 4: Debit Inventory RM35,000, Credit Bank RM35,000
Mar 5: Debit Cash RM8,000, Credit Bank RM8,000
Mar 6: Debit Inventory RM5,400, Credit Accounts Payable RM5,400
Mar 7: Debit Wages Expense RM100, Credit Cash RM100
Mar 9: Debit Cash RM9,520, Credit Sales Revenue RM9,520
Mar 10: Debit Inventory RM6,600, Credit Accounts Payable RM6,600
Mar 13: Debit Accounts Receivable RM7,000, Credit Sales Revenue RM7,000
Mar 15: Debit Office Supplies RM290, Credit Cash RM290
Mar 19: Debit Accounts Payable RM1,000, Credit Bank RM1,000
Mar 20: Debit Drawings RM500, Credit Cash RM500
Mar 22: Debit Inventory RM20,000, Credit Accounts Payable RM20,000
Mar 23: Debit Accounts Payable RM400, Credit Inventory RM400
Mar 22: Debit Office Supplies RM220, Credit Cash RM220
Mar 24: Debit Bank RM3,700, Credit Accounts Receivable RM3,700
Mar 26: Debit Cash RM18,000, Credit Sales Revenue RM18,000
Mar 29: Debit Sundry Expenses RM50, Credit Cash RM50
Mar 31: Debit Salaries Expense RM2,000, Credit Bank RM2,000

b) Post the transactions to relevant ledger accounts. You would have separate ledger accounts for each entry. Post debits and credits accordingly.

c) Balance off all accounts.
Each ledger account should be balanced off to reflect its ending balance for March 2022.

d) Extract a trial balance as of 31 March 2022.
List down all ledger accounts with their respective debit or credit balances. Ensure that total debits equal total credits.

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Accounting For Raffle Monies Received And Paid Out

My client collected raffle money during her event for a boat that was donated. Her event also made a contribution, which booked as expense. How do I book the money received for the raffle? A check was written to the shelter for this money..I am not sure how to book it? Thanks, Jean

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Raffle Revenue
by: Stephanie

In accounting terms, the money collected from the raffle should be recorded as revenue, and the contribution made to the shelter should be recorded as an expense. Here's how you could handle the journal entries:

For Money Collected from Raffle:

Debit Bank (or Cash) for the total amount collected in the raffle.
Credit Raffle Revenue for the same amount.

Journal Entry:
Debit Bank (amount collected)
Credit Raffle Revenue (amount collected)
For Contribution Made to Shelter:

Debit Contribution Expense for the amount given to the shelter.

Credit Bank (or Cash) for the same amount.

Journal Entry:
Debit Contribution Expense (amount contributed)
Credit Bank (amount contributed)

For Check Written to the Shelter:

If the check was written from the raffle money, you can consider it as part of the Contribution Expense.

For the Boat Donated for Raffle:

If a boat was donated to be raffled, and no money was spent on acquiring the boat, then there is no need for a journal entry for the boat itself, as it didn't impact the financials.

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Admission by Donation

by Robin
(Coldwater, Ontario)

Our small museum wants to do admission by donation as the bookkeeper I feel that this concept is not a good idea is it feasible? We have always charged an entrance fee and have a donation box. I think the two should be separated.

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Revenue Uncertainty
by: BB

Admission by donation is a model that's used by some museums and organizations, particularly smaller or non-profit ones. The idea is to make the institution more accessible to everyone, regardless of their ability to pay. However, there are both pros and cons to consider:

Pros:
Accessibility: More people may visit the museum if they don't have to pay a fixed fee.

Goodwill: Visitors might appreciate the option to pay what they can afford.

Potential for Higher Donations: Some visitors may donate more than the standard admission fee.

Cons:
Revenue Uncertainty: It's harder to forecast revenue, which can make budgeting challenging.

Potential for Lower Revenue: Many visitors might opt to donate less than the regular admission price, or nothing at all.

Accounting Complexity: Donations may need to be handled differently from regular sales revenue for accounting and tax purposes.

As the bookkeeper, your concerns are valid. Separating donations from admissions could make it easier to track and record transactions. It can also make it easier to identify trends in visitor donations versus ticket sales, which can help with financial planning.

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Advanced Expenses

How do I record advanced expenses paid for a partner. For example, 1/2 of the rent. The rent expense is entered as a bill and paid but how do I accrue the expense in the "loan" account? One side is Advanced expenses, what's the other side?

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Bookkeeping Advanced Expenses
by: BB

Navigating advanced expenses like sharing the rent with a business partner can be tricky, especially when you can't afford to make a mistake. It's a common bookkeeping question, and I totally get why you'd be anxious about how to proceed. So, let's dive into the specifics.

Steps to Record Advanced Expenses
Enter the Bill: First, you'll want to enter the full rent expense as a bill in your bookkeeping software. Let's say the rent is $2,000, you would record this amount in your rent expense account.

Pay the Bill: Go ahead and make the payment. At this point, $2,000 will be deducted from your bank account.

Accrue the Expense: Now, you need to account for your partner's half of the rent ($1,000) in the loan account. This is where 'Advanced Expenses' come in.

Make a Journal Entry: Create a journal entry to move your partner's half of the rent from the 'Rent Expense' account to the 'Loan' account.

Debit: Loan account ($1,000)
Credit: Advanced Expenses ($1,000)

The other side of the 'Advanced Expenses' is the 'Loan' account. By accruing the $1,000 here, you essentially record it as a receivable, acknowledging that this amount is owed to you by your partner.

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AP Yearly Comparsion For Expenses Paid To Others

How to compare expenses paid to others yearly to see how much we spend.

Example: How much we paid out each year? How to track?

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Compare Bookkeeping Expenses
by: BB

Comparing expenses paid to vendors, partners, or contractors over time is not only smart but also crucial for financial health. Given today's uncertain economy, it's a topic that comes up a lot in bookkeeping questions. So, let's get right into it!

Steps to Compare Yearly Expenses

1. Choose Your Tracking Method
The first step is to decide how you'll keep track of these expenses. Will it be through business software, a specialized tracking tool, or a good old-fashioned spreadsheet? Pick the one that's easiest for you to update and refer back to.

2. Categorize Expenses
Separate expenses into categories like 'Utilities,' 'Salaries,' 'Rent,' and so forth. This makes it easier to analyze and compare later.

3. Record Payments
Every time you make a payment, record the amount, date, and recipient. Make sure to tag the expense category it belongs to.

4. Sum Up The Totals
At the end of the year—or even quarterly if you prefer—sum up the totals for each category and each payee.

5. Compare and Analyze
Now comes the fun part. Compare these totals with those from previous years to identify trends. Are certain expenses increasing? Do you notice any patterns?

How to Track Yearly Expenses
Tracking is easy if you're using business software. Most platforms have a 'Reports' feature that lets you customize the period you want to analyze. If you're using a spreadsheet, create a separate tab for each year and use basic formulas to sum up and compare expenses.

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Approving Invoices

by Yvonne
(UK)

I am currently studying towards bookkeeping at the basic level. I was wondering what steps the bookkeeper should take if there is a discrepancy between the purchase order and the sales invoice which does not affect the amount to be paid e.g., purchase order states that 14 units are required @ $16.00 each, but on the sales invoice, it actually says that customer is being charged for 16 units @ $14.00 each. It means that the total is still the same, but the information is incorrect, and it will also affect the business records. It is not such a common thing, but it may happen, and I am not sure if I could enter such invoice to the account meanwhile sending the correct one (with correct units on it) to the customer.

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Sales Invoice Discrepancies
by: BB

It's a situation you hope you never have to deal with, but let's face it, discrepancies between purchase orders and sales invoices can happen. Even if the total amount remains the same, such inconsistencies can throw off your records and need to be addressed. So, what should you do? Let's break it down.

Steps to Take for Discrepancies
1. Verify the Information
First things first, double-check the purchase order and the sales invoice to confirm the discrepancy. You'll want to be sure there's actually an issue before proceeding.

2. Contact the Parties Involved
Whether you're dealing with a vendor or a customer, communication is key. Reach out to clarify the discrepancy. In this case, it would be advisable to notify the customer that there's a difference in unit count and price per unit, even if the total is the same.

3. Issue a Corrected Invoice
It's crucial to correct the error officially. Generate a new invoice with the correct number of units and unit price. Send this to the customer and make sure to replace the incorrect invoice in your accounting system.

4. Update Records
Your business records should reflect accurate transactions. Make the necessary adjustments in your bookkeeping system to reflect the corrected invoice.

5. Confirm with the Customer
Once the new invoice is sent, confirm with the customer that they've received it and understand the changes. This will help maintain good relations and trust.

Should You Enter the Incorrect Invoice?
I would strongly advise against entering the incorrect invoice into your records, even temporarily. Doing so can cause confusion and potential issues during audits or when reconciling accounts.

In Summary
A discrepancy between a purchase order and a sales invoice, even one that doesn't affect the total amount, should not be overlooked. Correct it immediately to maintain accurate and trustworthy business records.

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Bid Deposit

How would I enter a $5,000.00 certified cheque which was given as a bid deposit with a tender which our company submitted?

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Bookkeeping Bid Deposit
by: BB

If you're in the process of submitting bids and tenders, you might find yourself needing to issue a certified cheque as a bid deposit. Recording this properly in your accounting system is crucial. So, how do you go about it? Let's find out.

Steps to Record the Certified Cheque
1. Identify the Appropriate Account
First, you need to decide which account this deposit should be recorded in. Typically, it would go into a "Deposits" or "Prepaid Expenses" account as an asset since it's an amount that could potentially be returned to you.

2. Create a Journal Entry
In your accounting or business software, create a new journal entry to record the transaction.

3. Debit the Account
Debit your "Deposits" or "Prepaid Expenses" account for the full amount of the certified cheque, which is $5,000.

4. Credit the Account
Credit your "Bank" or "Cash" account by the same amount, $5,000, to reflect the outgoing money used for the certified cheque.

5. Add Supporting Documents
Attach a copy of the certified cheque or any other relevant documentation to the journal entry for record-keeping.

6. Confirm the Entry
Review the entry to make sure everything looks correct, and then confirm to record it in your accounting system.

7. Monitor the Tender Process
Keep an eye on the tender process. If you win the bid, this deposit might be applied to your initial payment. If you don't win, you'll likely have the deposit returned, at which point you would reverse the journal entry.

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Bookkeepers Liability To Disclose

If a company has several partners, and 1 of the smaller shareholders is running the company (other partners not involved other than contributing money), what liability does the bookkeeper have in disclosing information to the uninvolved partners? The one running the company does not want info disclosed to the other larger shareholders.

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Multiple Shareholders Bookkeeping Disclosure
by: BB

Understand the Legal Framework
Before anything else, you must be aware of the legal requirements surrounding your role as a bookkeeper. Laws regarding the disclosure of financial information can vary, but you generally have an obligation to act in the best interests of the company, not just a single shareholder or executive.

Professional Ethics
Ethically, your duty is to maintain confidentiality but also to be transparent where required. If the other partners have a legal right to the financial information, withholding it could put you in a difficult ethical and legal position.

Consult Internal Policies
Many companies have policies outlining who has access to what information. Check these policies to see what they say about disclosure to shareholders.

What to Do
Seek Legal Advice: If you're unsure, consult with a legal advisor to discuss your obligations and rights.

Speak with the Managing Shareholder: If possible, discuss the concerns of the managing shareholder who does not wish to disclose information. Understand their reasons but make sure to weigh it against your legal obligations.

Consider a Compromise: Sometimes, limited information can be disclosed to satisfy both parties, but this is often a tricky path to navigate.

Document Everything: Keep records of any requests for information and what was disclosed or not disclosed. This could be crucial if any legal issues arise later on.

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Borrowing Base Certificates

by Lisa Nixon
(WA)

Hello,

I am a tad bit rusty to borrowing base certificates. The prior co. I worked for the accountant did all the journal entries at the end of the year & never had used borrowing base certs. I am now with a company that does all the above & I am rusty.

How do I track or show the line of advances, or transfers to & from loan for line of credit. Is this done as a journal entry or entered elsewhere to show on balance sheets, profit & loss sheets, trial balance reports and so forth.

The program they use is American Contractor, are you familiar at all with this program? We have accounts payable, cash payments, purchase orders and general journal entries we keep track of all transactions in.

I hope that you are able to help me figure this out quicker than having to old school refresh my brain. If I even can. It's been many years.
I'm sure easy question perhaps, with maybe easy answer, but I am confusing myself more by thinking about it way too much I think.

Thank you kindly & hope you have a wonderful day!

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Auctioneers Commission Deducted at Source

by Gordon
(Belfast)

What is the correct way to account for auctioneers commission deducted from the gross sale price.
E.G Items sold for £2010.00 at auction
Auctioneers commission £43.75 + £7.67 Vat

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Cost of Goods Sold

by Becky
(Covington Texas)

Is the cost of goods sold, the actual cost of goods sold, or the amount of goods purchased from a vendor?

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How Do I Record the Sale of a Fixed Asset?

I have just sold a trailer for $1350 which originally cost me $3000. How do I record this sale in the account register?

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How should I record a liability of pay not taken?

by Joe Palazzo
(Baton Rouge, LA)

In my new company, I have not been paying myself and want to record this as a liability to be paid in the future when the company can afford it. How should I record this?



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List of General Leger accounts would appear in Post-closing Trial Balance?

Which General Leger account would appear in post-closing trial balance and why?

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Payment for Consignees

by John
(LA, CA)

Hi, I paid my consignees when items were sold. Should I record the payment transactions as purchases-retail items/cost of goods sold, or create a new account for Consignment item/cost of goods sold. Please advice.

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Professional Fees

I am new to bookkeeping and i don't understand why when i over look my GL accounts my professional fees are in parenthesis and red? Is that normal? What is exactly professional fees?

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PURCHASE OF BUILDING

WE HAVE PURCHASED A BUILDING I UNDERSTAND YOU WOULD DEBIT THE PLANT AND EQUIPMENT AND CREDIT THE LOAN ACCOUNT, BUT IF THE PURCHASE AMOUNT WAS TO INCLUDE STOCK WOULD I DEBIT THE STOCK ON HAND ACCOUNT AND CREDIT THE LOAN ACCOUNT.

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RECONCILIATION FAILURE

by tuna hernandez
(new york, usa)

I just started bookkeeping of an existing company and realized that there is check recorded from 2006 for 4333.97 , from one bank a/c to another, and it was never reconciled on the main ac/ looks like still uncashed, although secondary ac somehow looks good.

I am wondering if there is any way to get rid of this entry, as this is also an reconciled amount on the primary account?

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Remittances

A cheque is received with an incorrect date, a year earlier than current date, although the remittance advice date was correct, can this be passed for banking, or should it be returned?

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Rent Paid By Work Done

by Amy Clark
(Foster City, CA)

What accounts do I debit/credit for work done in exchange for rent?

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Savings And Credit Cooperative Societies

by Eddy Mbaru
(Kenya)

Which accounts are maintained for a savings and credit society?

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Setting Up a Co-Op Ministry

Our church recently decided to take on a Co-Op ministry for Home school families. We have not had this type of ministry in the past, nor anything similar to it and I need to know the requirements the church is to follow in getting this set up.

Thank you.

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Transferring Personal Assets To The Business

I started a business (LLC) last year in April. I also purchased a vehicle, that I intended to use for the business, just prior to starting the business. I purchased the vehicle with a personal check on my personal bank account. Now I would like the company to own the vehicle. Can I just loan the company the money and purchase the vehicle buy writing a check to myself with a company check after I deposit the money in the company bank account? I'm worried that it may look skeptical. Can you provide me with some insight into this problem?
Thanks, Kenneth

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Working But On Social Security

by Gayla
(Lincoln, NE)

Made more working full time over what early retirement allows. What form to use and how to enter this.

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